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Ameerega Bauer, 1988
This genus contains most of the species formerly known as Epipedobates. The main synapomorphy uniting this clade is the presence of granular dorsal skin. Other characteristics include dorsolateral stripes, first finger longer than or equal in length to second finger, and somewhat large size (usually over 30 mm SVL). Most species in this genus are moderately toxic and aposematic. These species are distributed mainly throughout the east-Andean versant and east into the Amazon basin. Two species, A. andina and A. erythromos occur on the Pacific side of the Andes in Colombia, although their assignment to this genus is based on very limited data.
Ameerega andina Myers and Burrowes, 1987
Ameerega bassleri Melin, 1941
Ameerega bilinguis Jungfer, 1989
Ameerega boliviana Boulenger, 1902
Ameerega braccata Steindachner, 1864
Ameerega cainarachi Schulte, 1989
Ameerega erythromos Vigle and Miyata, 1980
Ameerega flavopicta Lutz, 1925
Ameerega hahneli Boulenger, 1884
Ameerega ingeri Cochran and Goin, 1970
Ameerega labialis Cope, 1874
Ameerega macero Rodriguez and Myers, 1993
Ameerega maculata Peters, 1873
Ameerega parvula Boulenger, 1882
Ameerega petersi Silverstone, 1976
Ameerega picta Tschudi, 1838
Ameerega planipaleae Morales and Velazco, 1998
Ameerega pongoensis Schulte, 1999
Ameerega pulchripecta Silverstone, 1976
Ameerega rubriventris Lötters et al, 1997
Ameerega silverstonei Myers and Daly, 1979
Ameerega simulans Myers, Rodriguez, and Icochea, 1998
Ameerega smaragdina Silverstone, 1976
Ameerega trivittata Spix, 1824
Ameerega yungicola Lötters et al, 2005
Colostethus Cope 1866
This genus has been restricted to include far fewer species than previous arrangements. Characteristics include an expanded disc on the second toe and a pale ventral coloration in males. These frogs are primarily found in cloud forests in the western Andes of northwestern Ecuador and Colombia.
Colostethus agilis
Lynch and Ruiz-Carranza 1985
Colostethus alacris
Rivero and Granados-Díaz 1990
Colostethus brachistriatus
Rivero and Serna 1986
Colostethus dysprosium
Rivero and Serna 2000
Colostethus fraterdanieli
Silverstone 1971
Colostethus fugax
Morales and Schulte 1993
Colostethus furviventris
Rivero and Serna 1991
Colostethus imbricolus
Silverstone 1975
Colostethus inguinalis
Cope 1868
Colostethus jacobuspetersi
Rivero 1991
Colostethus latinasus
Cope 1863
Colostethus lynchi
Grant 1998
Colostethus mertensi
Cochran and Goin 1964
Colostethus panamensis
Dunn 1933
Colostethus pratti
Boulenger 1899
Colostethus ruthveni
Kaplan 1997
Colostethus thorntoni
Cochran and Goin 1970
Colostethus yaguara
Rivero and Serna 1991
Epipedobates Myers, 1987
This genus has been restricted to five species occuring on the Pacific-side of the Andes in Ecuador and northern Peru.
Epipedobates anthonyi
Epipedobates boulengeri
Barbour, 1909
Epipedobates espinosai
Funkhouser, 1956
Epipedobates machalilla
Coloma, 1995
Epipedobates tricolor
Boulenger, 1899
Members of this genus occur in the upper Maranon drainage in northwestern Peru. This genus was erected to include two species whose phylogenetic status was previously unresolved. This genus forms a clade sister to all species of Ranitomeya and can be diagnosed by the presence of pale, ovoid spots on the underside of the thighs.
Excidobates captivus Myers, 1982 revised in Twomey and Brown, 2008
Excidobates mysteriosus Myers, 1982, revised in Schulte, 1990
   
Silverstoneia Grant et al. 2006
Members of this genus possess a characteristic ventrolateral stripe and are cryptically colored. They occur from Costa Rica to southwestern Colombia below 1600 m elevation.
Silverstoneia erasmios
Rivero and Serna, 2000
Silverstoneia flotator
Dunn, 1931
Silverstoneia nubicola
Dunn, 1924
Adelphobates Grant et al. 2006
This is a newly-named genus which includes Brazilian species. Surprisingly, despite differences in size, A. castaneoticus and A. quinquevittatus have been shown to be more closely related to A. galactonotus than to the more similar-sized Ranitomeya. In any case, the species in this genus are not very closely related to each other, as shown by the very long branch lengths in species of this clade. Synapomorphies are all molecular. Grant et al. (2006) assigned A. captivus to this genus on the basis of dorsal patterning.
Adelphobates castaneoticus
Adelphobates galactonotus
Adelphobates quinquevittatus
Dendrobates Wagler, 1830
This genus has been restricted to five species which are distributed throughout southern Central America and northern South America. These species are typically large (>25 mm SVL), aposematic, and toxic.
Dendrobates auratus
Girard, 1855
Steindachner, 1864
Dendrobates nubeculosus
Dendrobates tinctorius
Cuvier, 1797
Dendrobates truncatus
   
Minyobates Myers, 1987
This genus, despite criticisms from past authors, was retained by Grant et al. (2006) for the single species which was hypothesized to be sister to all other dendrobatines excluding Phyllobates. The validity of this genus is still in question by some. This species is restricted to a single tepui (Cerro de Yapacana) in Venezuela.
Minyobates steyermarki
Oophaga Bauer, 1994
These species are all obligate egg-feeders which occur in Nicaragua, Costa Rica, Panama, Chocoan Colombia, and parts of western Ecuador. This is a well-defined clade possessing several synapomorphies, including a cartilaginous omosternum, female tadpole transport, fused sacrum and eighth vertebra, and two medial larval 'teeth'.
Oophaga arborea
Oophaga granulifera
Taylor, 1958
Oophaga histrionica
Berthold, 1845
Oophaga lehmanni
Oophaga occultator
Oophaga pumilio
Schmidt, 1857
Oophaga speciosa Schmidt, 1857
Oophaga sylvatica Funkhouser, 1956
Oophaga vicentei Jungfer, Weygoldt, and Juraske, 1996
 
Phyllobates Dumeril and Bibron, 1841
Many of the original characteristics used to define Phyllobates (first finger longer than second and reduced finger discs) were in fact plesiomorphies among the Dendrobatidae and therefore not suitable as characters for defining a genus. Myers and Daly (1978) redefined Phyllobates by the presence of steroidal batrachotoxins. The present designation of Phyllobates appears to be monophyletic in all new genetic studies and is one of the more recent lineages of poison frogs.
Phyllobates aurotaenia
Boulenger 1913
Phyllobates bicolor
Duméril and Bibron 1841
Phyllobates lugubris
Schmidt 1857
Phyllobates terribilis
Myers, Daly, and Malkin 1978
Phyllobates vittatus
Cope 1893
Ranitomeya Bauer, 1988
Characterized by the first finger being shorter in length than the second. This genus has need of further revision as it contains two divergent clades. One, the minuta group, is composed entirely of trans-Andean species occuring throughout the mountains of Colombia and Ecuador. The other group, the ventrimaculata group, is entirely Amazonian and has the synapomorphy of pale-limb reticulation.
Ranitomeya abdita Myers and Daly, 1976
Ranitomeya altobueyensis Silverstone, 1975
Ranitomeya biolat Morales, 1992
Ranitomeya bombetes Myers and Daly, 1980
Ranitomeya claudiae Jungfer, Lötters, and Jörgens, 2000
Ranitomeya dalesswansoni Rueda-Almonacid et al, 2006
Ranitomeya dorisswansonae Rueda-Almonacid et al, 2006
Ranitomeya duellmani Schulte, 1999
Ranitomeya fantastica Boulenger, 1884
Ranitomeya flavovittata Schulte, 1999
Ranitomeya fulgurita Silverstone, 1975
Ranitomeya imitator Schulte, 1986
Ranitomeya lamasi Morales, 1992
Ranitomeya minuta Shreve, 1935
Ranitomeya opisthomelas Boulenger, 1899
Ranitomeya reticulata Boulenger, 1884
Ranitomeya sirensis Aichinger, 1991
Ranitomeya tolimense Bernal et al., 2007
Ranitomeya uakarii Brown et al., 2006
Ranitomeya vanzolinii Myers, 1982
Ranitomeya variabilis Zimmermann and Zimmermann, 1988
Ranitomeya ventrimaculata Shreve, 1935
Ranitomeya viridis Myers and Daly, 1976
Ranitomeya virolinensis Ruiz-Carranza and Ramirez-Pinilla, 1992
Hyloxalus Jimenez de la Espada, 1871
This genus was given sub-family status as the only member of Hyloxalinae in Grant et al. 2006 on the basis of its DNA sequences. It has been recommended this genus be revised to resurrect Cryptophyllobates in order to distinguish between some of the old Colostethus and the aposematic azureiventris. In its current state, this genus is distributed widely throughout the Andes and Amazon basin.
Hyloxalus abditaurantius
Silverstone 1975
Hyloxalus aeruginosus
Duellman 2004
Hyloxalus anthracinus
Edwards 1971
Hyloxalus argyrogaster
Morales and Schulte 1993
Hyloxalus awa
Coloma 1995
Hyloxalus azureiventris
Kneller and Henle 1985
Hyloxalus betancuri
Rivero and Serna 1991
Hyloxalus bocagei
Jiménez de la Espada 1871
Hyloxalus borjai
Rivero and Serna 2000
Hyloxalus breviquartus
Rivero and Serna 1986
Hyloxalus cevallosi
Rivero 1991
Hyloxalus chlorocraspedus
Caldwell 2005
Hyloxalus chocoensis
Boulenger 1912
Hyloxalus delatorreae
Coloma 1995
Hyloxalus edwardsi
Lynch 1982
Hyloxalus elachyhistus
Edwards 1971
Hyloxalus eleutherodactylus
Duellman 2004
Hyloxalus exasperatus
Duellman and Lynch 1988
Hyloxalus excisus
Rivero and Serna 2000
Hyloxalus faciopunctulatus
Rivero 1991
Hyloxalus fallax
Rivero 1991
Hyloxalus fascianiger
Grant and Castro-Herrera 1998
Hyloxalus fuliginosus
Jiménez de la Espada 1871
Hyloxalus idiomelus
Rivero 1991
Hyloxalus infraguttatus
Boulenger 1898
Hyloxalus insulatus
Duellman 2004
Hyloxalus lehmanni
Silverstone 1971
Hyloxalus leucophaeus
Duellman 2004
Hyloxalus littoralis
Péfaur 1984
Hyloxalus maculosus
Rivero 1991
Hyloxalus maquipucuna
Coloma 1995
Hyloxalus marmoreoventris
Rivero 1991
Hyloxalus mittermeieri
Rivero 1991
Hyloxalus mystax
Duellman and Simmons 1988
Hyloxalus nexipus
Frost 1986
Hyloxalus parcus
Rivero 1991
Hyloxalus patitae
Lötters, Morales, and Proy 2003
Hyloxalus peculiaris
Rivero 1991
Hyloxalus peruvianus
Melin 1941
Hyloxalus pinguis
Rivero and Granados-Díaz 1990
Hyloxalus pulchellus
Jiménez de la Espada 1875
Hyloxalus pulcherrimus
Duellman 2004
Hyloxalus pumilus
Rivero 1991
Hyloxalus ramosi
Silverstone 1971
Hyloxalus ruizi
Lynch 1982
Hyloxalus saltuarius
Grant and Ardila-Robayo 2002
Hyloxalus sauli
Edwards 1974
Hyloxalus shuar
Duellman and Simmons 1988
Hyloxalus sordidatus
Duellman 2004
Hyloxalus spilotogaster
Duellman 2004
Hyloxalus subpunctatus
Cope 1899
Hyloxalus sylvaticus
Barbour and Noble 1920
Hyloxalus toachi
Coloma 1995
Hyloxalus utcubambensis
Morales 1994
Hyloxalus vergeli
Hellmich 1940
Hyloxalus vertebralis
Boulenger 1899
Hyloxalus whymperi
Boulenger 1882

Frost, Darrel R. 2006. Amphibian Species of the World: an online reference. Version 4.0 (17 August 2006). Electronic Database accessible at http://research.amnh.org/herpetology/amphibia/index.php. American Museum of Natural History, New York, USA.


 

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